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      <a href="/2018/02/03/d3-tree-notes-3-ajax-for-node/" title="D3.js-Tree实战笔记3--动态请求子节点" itemprop="url">D3.js-Tree实战笔记3--动态请求子节点</a>
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      <a href="https://godbasin.github.io" title="被删">被删</a>
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    <time datetime="2018-02-03T05:02:17.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2018-02-03</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-12-18T15:23:35.316Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-12-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#动态获取子节点数据"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">动态获取子节点数据</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#拆分模块"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">拆分模块</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Tree-node"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Tree node</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#绑定双击事件"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">绑定双击事件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#节点状态定义"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">节点状态定义</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#双击单击的冲突解决"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">双击单击的冲突解决</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>因为业务需要折腾起了图表，《D3.js-Tree 实战笔记》系列用于记录使用该库制作 Tree 图表的一些笔记。本文介绍动态获取节点数据，并添加子节点的过程。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h1 id="动态获取子节点数据"><a href="#动态获取子节点数据" class="headerlink" title="动态获取子节点数据"></a>动态获取子节点数据</h1><hr>
<h2 id="拆分模块"><a href="#拆分模块" class="headerlink" title="拆分模块"></a>拆分模块</h2><p>在后面越来越多的功能增加之前，我们要把代码进行下整理，模块拆分首先就是一个整理逻辑的过程。</p>
<p>首先，我们的 Demo 大概可以拆分成这些模块：</p>
<ol>
<li>初始化 D3 基本能力（设置宽高等）。</li>
<li>数据初始化绑定。</li>
<li>数据更新绑定。</li>
<li>node 交互和绘制。</li>
<li>link 交互和绘制。</li>
<li>单击节点事件处理。</li>
<li>双击获取子节点事件处理（本节新增）。</li>
</ol>
<p>由于代码篇幅稍微多一些，这里调整后一致在文末体现哈。</p>
<h2 id="Tree-node"><a href="#Tree-node" class="headerlink" title="Tree node"></a>Tree node</h2><p><strong>d3.tree(root)</strong><br>使用默认的设置构建一个树图布局生成器。</p>
<p>根据指定的根节点代表的 hierarchy 数据生成一个树状布局数据，每个节点包含以下属性:</p>
<ul>
<li>node.x：节点的 x 坐标</li>
<li>node.y：节点的 y 坐标</li>
</ul>
<p>为了动态获取时，能有效生成子节点，我们来看看一个 tree node 里面包含了哪些属性：</p>
<p><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/1513514218%281%29.png" alt="image"></p>
<p>由于<code>d3.tree()</code>能自动计算生成 x 和 y 位置，而 id、x0、y0 等则是批量处理生成，故我们主要需要添加的属性有：</p>
<ul>
<li>depth：该节点的层级数，主要用于 y 的计算，避免重叠</li>
<li>parent：保存父节点的信息，用于绘制 link 关系</li>
<li>children：保存子节点的信息</li>
</ul>
<p>这里分析 tree node 的信息，用于后面动态获取节点信息，手动添加子节点和更新图表。</p>
<h2 id="绑定双击事件"><a href="#绑定双击事件" class="headerlink" title="绑定双击事件"></a>绑定双击事件</h2><p>因为我们上面使用了单击来展开和收起子节点，因此这里我们将使用双击来获取子节点。我们在节点 enter 时增加的 click 事件，这里我们再添加个 dbclick 的事件绑定：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 添加enter操作，添加类名为node的group元素</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> nodeEnter = node</div><div class="line">  .enter()</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// ...其他操作</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 给每个新加的节点绑定click事件</span></div><div class="line">  .on(<span class="string">"click"</span>, click)</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 给每个新加的节点绑定dbclick事件</span></div><div class="line">  .on(<span class="string">"dblclick"</span>, dblclick);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然后我们需要添加 dblclick 函数，主要处理逻辑包括：</p>
<ol>
<li>检查该节点是否已经请求过，已请求过则忽略。</li>
<li>随机请求<code>1.json</code> - <code>5.json</code>随机获取数据。</li>
<li>获取到数据后，手动给节点添加子节点，同时子节点设置 parent 为该节点。</li>
<li>更新图表。</li>
</ol>
<p>我们将请求到的数据存在节点的<code>data</code>属性中，同时根据上面 tree node 节点的分析，我们需要手动给子节点添加对应的属性，包括<code>name</code>、<code>depth</code>、<code>parent</code>等。</p>
<p>我们能得到这样的 dblclick 函数：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 将获取到的节点，添加进data对象中，同时若已获取过不再获取</span></div><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">dblclick</span>(<span class="params">d</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 若无d.data.children，则视为未获取</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (!(d.data &amp;&amp; d.data.children)) &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 这里模拟请求，1.json - 5.json 随机获取数据</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">var</span> randomNum = <span class="built_in">Math</span>.floor(<span class="built_in">Math</span>.random() * <span class="number">5</span>) + <span class="number">1</span>;</div><div class="line">    d3.json(randomNum + <span class="string">".json"</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">error, data</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (error) <span class="keyword">throw</span> error;</div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// 给子节点绑定父节点</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">var</span> children = data.children.map(<span class="function"><span class="params">x</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">name</span>: x.name,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">parent</span>: d,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">depth</span>: d.depth + <span class="number">1</span>,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">data</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">            ...x</div><div class="line">          &#125;</div><div class="line">        &#125;;</div><div class="line">      &#125;);</div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// 将子节点数据绑定在d节点上</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// 若子节点为空，则不执行</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (children.length) d.children = children;</div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// 同时也绑到data上</span></div><div class="line">      d.data.children = children;</div><div class="line">      updateChart(d);</div><div class="line">    &#125;);</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>上面为什么我们要使用<code>data.children</code>来判断是否已经加载过呢？这是因为 d3 中 node 的 children 不接受空数组，只能为非空数组或是<code>null</code>。而<code>null</code>可能有两种情况：收起、无子节点。同时为了方便后续数据处理，我们使用<code>data</code>属性来保存一切获取来的信息数据。</p>
<p>准备就绪，我们将初始的数据设置为首层节点数据：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> treeData = &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"Top Level"</span></div><div class="line">&#125;;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="节点状态定义"><a href="#节点状态定义" class="headerlink" title="节点状态定义"></a>节点状态定义</h2><p>因为加入 Ajax 获取信息后，节点的状态将会增加，我们给节点添加一些规则：</p>
<ol>
<li>当未获取子节点信息时，将节点填充灰色，来表示待获取。</li>
<li>当节点拥有子节点、并处于收起状态时，将节点填充浅蓝色，表示拥有子节点。</li>
<li>当节点查无子节点，或是已展开，均无填充状态。</li>
</ol>
<p>其实只增加了一种状态：是否已获取数据。我们会需要在节点 enter 以及 update 的时候需要增加这个状态。同上，我们使用<code>data.children</code>来判断是否已经加载过：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">node</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// ...其他操作</span></div><div class="line">  .style(<span class="string">"fill"</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">d</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> d._children ? <span class="string">"lightsteelblue"</span> : d.data.children ? <span class="string">"#fff"</span> : <span class="string">"#ccc"</span>;</div><div class="line">  &#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="双击单击的冲突解决"><a href="#双击单击的冲突解决" class="headerlink" title="双击单击的冲突解决"></a>双击单击的冲突解决</h2><p>我们在使用中会发现，双击事件同时会触发两次的单击时间，这其实是不合理的，我们通过添加定时器来解决：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 当点击时，切换children，同时用_children来保存原子节点信息</span></div><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">click</span>(<span class="params">d</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (d._clickid) &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 若在200ms里面点击第二次，则不做任何操作，清空定时器</span></div><div class="line">    clearTimeout(d._clickid);</div><div class="line">    d._clickid = <span class="literal">null</span>;</div><div class="line">  &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 首次点击，添加定时器，200ms后进行toggle</span></div><div class="line">    d._clickid = setTimeout(<span class="function"><span class="params">()</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (d.children) &#123;</div><div class="line">        d._children = d.children;</div><div class="line">        d.children = <span class="literal">null</span>;</div><div class="line">      &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">        d.children = d._children;</div><div class="line">        d._children = <span class="literal">null</span>;</div><div class="line">      &#125;</div><div class="line">      updateChart(d);</div><div class="line">      d._clickid = <span class="literal">null</span>;</div><div class="line">    &#125;, <span class="number">200</span>);</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>最终我们效果将会如图：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/1513505937%281%29.png" alt="image"></p>
<h1 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h1><hr>
<p>本节我们添加了节点动态获取子节点的功能，同时给节点加上已读状态，同时处理好单击双击的事件冲突。<br>我们在完成基本需求的同时，也需要主动改善用户体验，或是不合理的地方要主动提出来，因为说好的要把最棒的一面呈现世间的呢。<br><a href="https://github.com/godbasin/godbasin.github.io/tree/blog-codes/d3-tree-notes/3-ajax-for-node" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看项目代码</a><br><a href="http://d3.godbasin.com/3-ajax-for-node/index.html" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看页面效果</a></p>
  
		
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			查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a>
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			更欢迎来<a href="https://godbasin.github.io/front-end-playground">被删的前端游乐场</a>边撸猫边学前端噢
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	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
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  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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  <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#动态获取子节点数据"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">动态获取子节点数据</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#拆分模块"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">拆分模块</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Tree-node"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">Tree node</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#绑定双击事件"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">绑定双击事件</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#节点状态定义"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">节点状态定义</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#双击单击的冲突解决"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">双击单击的冲突解决</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
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